![]() ![]() ![]() A modelagem numérica da interação solo-estrutura. Bedded-beam models are highlighted as useful tools for said goal (Prado and Waimberg PRADO, F. In extense projects, with typical, representative regions and a large number of sections to be analyzed, it may also be advantageous to directly apply lower hierarchy models, calibrated and validated by a smaller number of higher hierarchy models for each region. Berlin: Springer Science & Business Media, 1ed, 2011, 596 p.]). The mechanics of solids and structures - hierarchical modeling and the finite element solution. Indeed, for the design practice of tunnels, it is of great value to apply lower hierarchical for simple and quick evaluation of physical behaviors, the validation of higher hierarchy models and the estimation of preliminary results in the search for effective hierarchical models (Bucalem and Bathe BUCALEM, M.L. Thus, a growing complexity of the continuum models is expected to come at the tradeoff of costlier and lengthier processes, which may be more susceptible to error, due to occasional less intuitive model results. The continuum models usually allow for a more sophisticated analysis, but higher model sophistication leads to higher volume and complexity of input data to estimate and output data to interpret. 237-249.], in its guidelines for the design of tunnels highlights 4 major groups of methods for the structural modeling and design of tunnels, namely: continuum models (or discontinuum, for rock massifs) bedded-beam models (or action-reaction) empirical approaches and the observational method. Tunnelling and underground space technology, v.3, n.3, 1988 p. Indeed, the International Tunneling Association International Tunneling Association - ITA. By definition, models idealize and simplify reality, in order to be a viable and practical tool for the analysis and design of civil structures.ĭue to its complex nature, the use of various model hierarchies and methods for the design and analysis of tunnels is common. Civil engineering applies mathematical models to simulate and solve physical problems of complex nature. ![]()
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